At the analysis of opportunities of use in ICE different kinds alternative fuel the special attention has been given to fuels from renewed sources of raw material. These of fuel are in a liquid or gaseous condition, are made from green weight or seeds of plants. In the majority they considerably differ from traditional oil топлив the physical and chemical properties that renders essential influence as on the organization of working process in cylinder ICE, and on final technical and economic and ecological parameters of the thermal engine. All this also has caused necessity of scientific researches, which results and is the contents of given article.

       Application MERO (working names) biofuel from derivatives рапсового oils: Russia, Ukraine - a biodiesel engine, France - diester, Germany - RME (rapseed esther), Poland - (бbsipalivo, etc.). It is connected, first of all, to significant improvement (reduction in issue of harmful substances in the fulfilled gases (on 25-50 %) ecological conditions in regions of a heavy use of diesel engines (city, the river, a wood, open-cast minings of coal (ore), rooms of hotbeds).

       The annual requirement of Ukraine for diesel fuel makes about 3 million tons. At reception of a biodiesel engine of 600 kg from one hectare 5-5,5 million га is required to sow arable lands that makes no more than 17 % of all arable lands of Ukraine.

       Authors do not call for that 17 % of all arable lands of Ukraine to let on manufacture рапса. However, the positive example of the advanced countries in manufacture and use of methyl ethers of fat acids рапсового and necessity of search of alternative kinds of fuel for Ukraine can be considered oils as one of perspective directions of investment in an effective utilization of ground resources of Ukraine.