The rise in prices on oil in one year has shaken all world, especially western Europe. The prices for gaz stations have set thinking again above alternative of oil as to a source of fuel. Fuel crises of last 30 years and a worsening status of an environment draw attention to new "know-how" of fuel for internal combustion engines from restored energy sources. An example of use of spirit as alternative fuel is Brazil, parts of automobiles with spark ignition fill in in a tank of processing of a sugar cane.

       In a heat of increase of the prices ordinary Germans overtake even us, the slavs known for ability to dilute gasoline by everything. For example, weekly journal "Auto Bild" has told, that some inhabitant of Hamburg buys rapseed oil as fuel for diesel "Mercedes", saving on 50 liters of fuel of 25 mark. Now the one who goes behind it, inhales not a cancerogenic diesel soot, and a smell of a fried potato.

       And the employee of the same magazine in shop, has driven more than 6000 kms on "Volkswagen Golf Turbo" 1984 year release. 390 liter bottles of oil have been spent for trip from Hamburg in the Spanish city Alicante and back for a piece 1 mark 9 phenning pre liter while the price of diesel fuel was 1,6 and continued to grow.

       Volkswagen Wolfgang Blaube - the worldly-wise machine. Capacity of its diesel engine with working volume 1,6 л - 70 h.p. Nevertheless, the automobile has vigorously overcome on salad oil road up to the Spanish city, and the considerable site of a way passed through a hills. Firstly the engine knocked more often and more strongly, but on a motorway he has ceased, and speed at times reached 171 km/hour while on diesel fuel Glauge "squeezed out" 167 kms. To tell the truth, salad oil it was spent little bit more, than diesel fuel (5,8 liters against 5,3).

       Similar diligence of fellow countrymen Rudolif Diesel, the diesel engine with ignition from compression starts to come back to the sources, its first samples "ate" peanuts oil .

       However in result modern diesel engines quickly enough fail " oil refuelling ", demanding upgrade. In Germany some stamps of diesel engines are made for job on pure rapseed oil used mainly on agricultural machinery. Their basic supplier is the firm " Deutz Fahr ". On the basis of researches of the Kiel university engines for job on a fuel mix from diesel fuel, рапсового oils , waters and эмульгатора are developed.

       And how usual diesel engines?

       For them as fuel is suitable ethers of fat acids made from vegetable oils. It is received form rapseed oils, a rapseed-methyl ether (RME or "biodiesel fuel") more often. It without problems can be filled in in a tank of any tractor, a combine, the bus. Researches on biofuel are spent and in Ukraine: in "МАСМА", at the Kharkov polytechnical university, in "UkrNIIHimProekt". Is simplified technology of reception of biofuel looks so. From рапсовых seeds wring out oil , then fill in it in special capacity and add "absolute" (99,6 %) methyl spirit and alkali. The mix is asserted, then at the bottom there is a glycerin which can be used for manufacture of polymers, antifreezes and to other chemical production, and biological fuel for diesel engines from above is going to.

       In Europe biofuel use basically under two basic circuits: " French " and " German ". In the first case its basic consumer - motor transport and buses, which fare in some large cities and separate provinces on usual diesel fuel is forbidden, and penalties for excess of norms of emissions of toxic substances exceed a difference in cost RMЭ and usual diesel fuel. Proceeding from the circuit of use, France makes the given goods on-line, on powerful installations (5-10 thousand tons one year). In a German variant biofuel is used basically farmers. Farmers or cooperative societies of farmers for his manufacturing buy low-power installations (300-3000 tons one year). They raise rape and from it make biofuel which use in own technical equipment. From seeds rape, collected with 1 ga (on the average about 3 tons - in Europe), it is made about 1 ton of oil . The tests of the serial diesel engines which have been lead as at us, and abroad, have shown, that at job on RME is observed half smoking of exhaust. Besides "biodiesel engine" does not contain cancerogenic substances and sulfur which it is a lot of in mineral oil. Researches of influence of exhaust gases on ability to live of the cells, lead in Germany, have shown absolute advantage RMЭ in comparison with oil fuel. Besides by manufacture of "biodiesel engine" the phase of absorption rape carbonic gas is very important by photosynthesis, in fact global warming comes because of increase of its contents in an atmosphere. And here we receive circulation СО₂, from exhaust pipe it takes off as much, how much has been absorbed рапсом on a field from air.

       With the purpose of preservation of the environment rapseed oil , except for use for manufacture of biofuel, is widely applied in the western countries by manufacture of lubricants, is especial for hydraulic systems. Taking into account химико-physical properties рапсового oils , it often is used for manufacture of additives for oils. Application of lubricants on the basis of mineral oil in many branches of the advanced countries is legislatively limited, is especial on a sailing charter, in agricultural machinery and on the equipment in the food-processing industry. Ukraine for today practically does not make biological lubricants though in the country there are many domestic development. In particular, on base rapseed oils in UkrNII "МАСМА" still at the end of 80 - the beginning of 90th years have been developed additives "Rapsol" for tramsmission and hydraulic oils, tramsmission oil "Prisol", oils for duple petrol engines. In the West synthetic motor and tramsmission on polyester base - the most expensive and prestigious, it is enough to recollect oils highly value experts French "МОТUL" on the basis of coconut oil . Probably, it is time to numerous domestic manufacturers of oils to master and this segment of the market. Besides рапс concerns to those plants which can be used for re-cycling it is radioactive the polluted grounds. It is important for Ukraine, taking into account consequences of failure on ChAES. Collecting in stalks, radionuclear waste and heavy metals practically do not get in seeds, therefore рапс from the polluted zone it is quite possible to use for manufacture of oil and further manufacture RME, and stalks together with radioactive substances to subject recyclings. As Americans offer Ukraine ultramodern technology of reception of an electricity by burning in fuel cells of the fast-growing plants collected in radioactive territories (the cells developed for it by firms " Siemens " и "WestenHouse", can detain in themselves radionuclear waste, not issuing them with a smoke in air). That is, clearing the infected ground, we can receive an economic gain! Use of these grounds removed from a revolution for reception of "biodiesel engine" would allow to cover 8-10 % of requirement of Ukraine in diesel fuel.

       For today when volumes of manufacture рапса in Ukraine low, and technical equipment with diesel engines it is used much to speak about alternative to diesel fuel while early. But taking into account progressing growth of volumes and potential opportunities of manufacture rape in the country, and also constant deficiency in the market of fuel, Ukraine can become in the near future the country making and using non-polluting biological fuel - RME. Theoretically, sowing 5-5,5 million gа of rape (17 % of areas under crops), Ukraine could provide completely the needs in diesel fuel.

       The price of biofuel essentially decreases if completely to use by-products of manufacture - an oil cake, glycerin, other. By calculations of scientists of faculty of internal combustion engines Kharkov "политеха", at observance of this condition the cost price of one litre RME in Ukraine for today makes 1 grivna 3 copeecks. It is a pity, that the Law of Ukraine " About alternative kinds of fuel ", signed by the President 14.01.2000, yet did not become at us the guide to action for structures, "подымающих" an agriculture. While all is limited to enthusiasm of separate groups of engineers and scientists. On the "German" way Czechia, the Baltics and other states already move. That waited by us?